ENGLAND’s football team set up camp(扎营，设立营地) in West Palm Beach, Florida, on June 1st, almost two weeks before the start of the 2026 World Cup. That was so the players, many of whom were used to training in the mild climate of Britain, could adapt to the blistering heat(酷热，炙烤般的高温) of the host nations. But as July has brought western Europe’s third heatwave of 2026, even those not competing in elite sports might wonder how they can train appropriately to beat the heat(战胜酷暑，消暑).
英格兰足球队于6月1日在佛罗里达州西棕榈滩扎营，此时距离2026年世界杯开赛还有近两周时间。这样做的目的是让习惯了英国温和气候的球员们能够适应主办国的酷热。但随着7月西欧迎来了2026年的第三次热浪，即使是非精英体育的参与者也可能想知道，该如何进行适当的训练来战胜炎热。
Preparing for heat requires exposure(接触，暴露) to heat. That increases levels of blood plasma—the watery stuff which carries blood cells around the body—meaning the heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood, and can beat in a more leisurely manner for longer.(这能提高血浆水平——血浆是携带血细胞在全身流动的水样物质——这意味着心脏不必那么费力地泵血，可以更从容地、更持久地跳动。)
为高温做准备需要接触高温。这能提高血浆水平——血浆是运送血细胞在体内流动的水样物质——这意味着心脏不必那么费力地泵血，可以更从容地、更持久地跳动。
More plasma also improves blood flow to the skin. There, tiny sweat glands(汗腺) release water and electrolytes(电解质) onto the skin’s surface, whence(从哪里，从那里) the water evaporates, cooling the body. As the body adapts to heat it lowers the temperature at which perspiration begins(开始出汗), as well as the amount of electrolytes lost.
更多的血浆还能改善流向皮肤的血液。在那里，微小的汗腺将水和电解质释放到皮肤表面，水从那里蒸发，冷却身体。随着身体适应高温，它会降低开始出汗的温度，并减少电解质的流失量。