Michigan’s Upper Peninsula(密歇根上半岛), known as the UP, touches three of America’s Great Lakes. Wolves and moose roam the region’s forests; it is home to more than 80% of Michigan’s bears and less than 3% of its people. Nicknamed “Yoopers(尤珀人（UP居民昵称）)”, so many residents claim Finnish origin that, until 2015, local TV programming included a show in Finnish. In summer anglers fish for walleye and smallmouth bass. In winter the UP can get nine metres of snow. But this remote peninsula also has a belt of native copper(天然铜) and was once home to a thriving mining industry. If proponents have their way(如愿以偿), the UP will become part of a 21st-century boom.
密歇根上半岛（简称UP）与美国五大湖中的三个相连。狼和驼鹿在该地区的森林中游荡；这里栖息着密歇根州80%以上的熊，却只有不到3%的人口。当地居民绰号“尤珀人”，许多人有芬兰血统，以至于直到2015年，当地电视节目还包括一档芬兰语节目。夏季，垂钓者捕捞白斑眼鱼和小口黑鲈；冬季，UP的降雪量可达九米。但这座偏远的半岛还拥有天然铜矿带，曾是繁荣的矿业中心。如果支持者如愿以偿，UP将成为21世纪繁荣的一部分。
The Trump administration wants to promote mining in America, particularly of what it considers critical minerals(关键矿产), including copper. Proposed projects across the country would, if developed, remake swathes of American landscape, create jobs and reduce dependence on imports. In the UP the proposed Copperwood mine is, on paper(理论上；纸面上), all but(几乎；差不多) ready to go. However, it has been like that for years, and construction has not yet started. The gap between Made in America ambition and operating a mine can be as wide as a tailings site.(美国制造雄心与运营矿场之间的鸿沟可能像尾矿场一样宽阔。)
特朗普政府希望推动美国矿业发展，特别是其认为的关键矿产，包括铜。全国各地的拟建项目如果得以开发，将重塑大片美国地貌、创造就业并减少对进口的依赖。在UP，拟议的Copperwood矿场在纸面上几乎万事俱备。然而，多年来一直如此，建设尚未开始。“美国制造”的雄心与运营一座矿场之间的鸿沟，可能像尾矿场一样宽阔。
Developing a mine in America has long been an onerous(繁重的；麻烦的) process, with extensive environmental reviews and permitting requirements, as well as frequent litigation(诉讼). Even if a project wins regulatory approval, margins(利润；利润率) are pinched by high costs of labour and construction. But recently anxiety about imports and a zeal for resource nationalism(资源民族主义) have coincided with booming(激增的；繁荣的) demand for copper. Prices have risen by 60% in the past three years, as firms seek to expand power grids and build data centres.
在美国开发矿场一直是一个繁重的过程，涉及广泛的环境审查和许可要求，以及频繁的诉讼。即使项目获得监管批准，利润也会被高昂的劳动力成本和建设成本压缩。但最近，对进口的担忧和资源民族主义的热情与铜需求的激增同时出现。过去三年，随着企业寻求扩建电网和建设数据中心，铜价上涨了60%。
Reclamation project
复垦项目