ON THE CAMPAIGN trail in 2024, Donald Trump promised a tariff-fuelled(由关税推动的) revival(复兴，复苏) of America’s industrial towns. In Latrobe, Pennsylvania, he vowed(发誓，郑重承诺) to “bring back our manufacturing jobs, our energy jobs...and our dreams”. In Detroit he talked about manufacturing jobs moving from Mexico to Michigan. The promise was not simply more American-made goods, but more Americans making them.(这一承诺不仅仅是让更多美国制造的商品，而是让更多美国人制造它们。) Has the president delivered?
在2024年的竞选活动中，唐纳德·特朗普承诺通过关税推动美国工业城镇的复兴。在宾夕法尼亚州的拉特罗布，他誓言要“带回我们的制造业工作岗位、能源工作岗位……以及我们的梦想”。在底特律，他谈到制造业工作岗位将从墨西哥迁回密歇根州。这一承诺不仅仅是让更多美国制造的商品，而是让更多美国人制造它们。总统兑现了吗？
Mr Trump believes he has, with some justification(有一定道理). The Institute for Supply Management’s survey of manufacturing purchasing managers has indicated expanding factory activity every month this year (see chart). The Federal Reserve’s industrial-production index shows that real manufacturing output grew at a 4.5% annualised rate in the first half of 2026—its fastest pace since 2011, excluding the rebound after covid-19.(美联储的工业生产指数显示，2026年上半年实际制造业产出以4.5%的年化速度增长，这是自2011年以来最快的速度，不包括新冠疫情后的反弹。) This month Ford said it would shift(转移，转变) production of some models from China to America beginning in 2030, a decision its boss linked to tariffs.
特朗普先生认为自己确实做到了，这有一定道理。供应管理协会对制造业采购经理的调查显示，今年每个月工厂活动都在扩张（见图表）。美联储的工业生产指数显示，2026年上半年实际制造业产出以4.5%的年化速度增长，这是自2011年以来最快的速度，不包括新冠疫情后的反弹。本月，福特表示将从2030年开始将部分车型的生产从中国转移到美国，其老板将此决定与关税联系起来。
If any industry embodies(体现，代表) American manufacturing, it is carmaking. Mr Trump has made it a focus of his tariff policy, imposing a 25% levy(征收额，税款) on imported cars and many imported parts. Trade talks between America and Canada recently broke down(破裂，失败) in part(部分地) over the industry. Mr Trump then threatened(威胁，扬言) to raise tariffs on all cars, trucks and parts from Canada to 50% from January 1st.
如果说有哪个行业体现了美国制造业，那就是汽车制造。特朗普先生将其作为关税政策的重点，对进口汽车和许多进口零部件征收25%的关税。美国和加拿大之间的贸易谈判最近因该行业而部分破裂。特朗普先生随后威胁要从1月1日起将对加拿大所有汽车、卡车和零部件的关税提高到50%。