In the summer of 2025, the government of Brazil suddenly found itself in a deep crisis. The Trump administration had unexpectedly imposed 50 percent tariff(关税)s on the country’s products, threatening everyone from coffee planters to shoe manufacturers. At the same time, the United States canceled the visas of eight Brazilian supreme-court justices and placed unprecedented financial and travel sanctions on a powerful justice and his family.(与此同时，美国取消了八名巴西最高法院法官的签证，并对一位有权势的法官及其家人实施了前所未有的金融和旅行制裁。)
2025年夏天，巴西政府突然陷入一场深重危机。特朗普政府出人意料地对巴西产品加征50%的关税，从咖啡种植者到制鞋商都受到威胁。与此同时，美国取消了八名巴西最高法院法官的签证，并对一位有权势的法官及其家人实施了前所未有的金融和旅行制裁。
Many things about this crisis were novel(新奇的，异常的). For the first time anyone could remember, an American administration had used tariffs not for economic reasons but as a tool to influence the internal politics of a friendly democracy.(在所有人记忆中，美国行政当局首次将关税不是出于经济原因，而是作为影响一个友好民主国家内部政治的工具。) President Trump was publicly fulminating against what he called the “WITCH HUNT” against Jair Bolsonaro, the former president of Brazil, who was then on trial for plotting to carry out a coup after losing an election in 2022.(特朗普总统公开猛烈抨击他所谓的对巴西前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗的“政治迫害”，后者当时因在2022年大选失败后策划政变而受审。) Some of Bolsonaro’s followers had storm(猛攻，冲击)ed Brazil’s Parliament and other federal buildings, likely inspired by the actions of Trump supporters on January 6, 2021(美国国会山骚乱). Steve Bannon, who called the Brazilian insurrectionist(叛乱者)s “freedom fighters,” was one of many MAGA boosters who cheered them on. When combined with local grievances, the language of American election denial was right at home in Brazil.
这场危机的许多方面都不同寻常。在所有人记忆中，美国行政当局首次将关税不是出于经济原因，而是作为影响一个友好民主国家内部政治的工具。特朗普总统公开猛烈抨击他所谓的对巴西前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗的“政治迫害”，后者当时因在2022年大选失败后策划政变而受审。博索纳罗的一些追随者冲击了巴西议会和其他联邦建筑，很可能是受到2021年1月6日特朗普支持者行动的启发。史蒂夫·班农称巴西叛乱者为“自由战士”，他是众多为此欢呼的MAGA支持者之一。当与美国选举否认论的语言相结合，再加上当地的不满情绪，这套说辞在巴西如鱼得水。
The U.S. has used financial sanctions and visa bans in the past—but only to punish dictators, criminals, and people accused of grand-scale international corruption or brutal atrocities. Brazilian Justice Alexandre de Moraes had never been credibly accused of any of this. But by the Trump administration’s reckoning, he had two strikes against(两项不利因素) him: First, de Moraes’s court was trying Bolsonaro; second, he had provoked the ire(愤怒) of Elon Musk, Trump’s largest election donor. De Moraes “needs to leave,” Musk said, comparing him to Voldemort, after de Moraes threatened to fine X and ordered it to block accounts accused of spreading disinformation.(德莫赖斯“必须离开”，马斯克说，将他比作伏地魔，此前德莫赖斯威胁要罚款X并命令其屏蔽被控散布虚假信息的账户。)
美国过去也使用过金融制裁和签证禁令——但只是为了惩罚独裁者、罪犯以及被控大规模国际腐败或残暴罪行的人。巴西法官亚历山大·德莫赖斯从未被可信地指控过任何此类行为。但按照特朗普政府的算法，他有两项罪名：第一，德莫赖斯的法院正在审判博索纳罗；第二，他激怒了埃隆·马斯克——特朗普最大的竞选捐助者。德莫赖斯“必须离开”，马斯克说，将他比作伏地魔，此前德莫赖斯威胁要罚款X并命令其屏蔽被控散布虚假信息的账户。
