Anger is an emotion we are taught to manage, control and suppress(压抑；抑制). But what if(假如……会怎样) anger is, as poet David Whyte says, one of the deepest possible forms of compassion(同情；怜悯) available to humankind?
我们从小被教导要管理、控制、压抑愤怒。但假如愤怒——正如诗人戴维·怀特所说——是人类所能拥有的最深层的同情形式之一呢？
Philosophers and theologian(神学家)s have long distinguished between virtuous(有德行的；高尚的) and non-virtuous anger. Aristotle defined anger as “a desire, accompanied by pain, for apparent retribution, aroused by an apparent, undeserved slighting against oneself or those connected to oneself”.(亚里士多德将愤怒定义为“一种伴随痛苦的欲望，欲求显而易见的报复，由针对自己或与自己相关者的、显而易见的、不应得的轻慢所激起”。)
哲学家与神学家早已区分有德之怒与无德之怒。亚里士多德将愤怒定义为“一种伴随痛苦的欲望，欲求显而易见的报复，由针对自己或与自己相关者的、显而易见的、不应得的轻慢所激起”。
Anger appears to combine a physical sensation of torment(折磨；煎熬) with a desire to act. The English word “anger” has its etymological(词源的) roots in the Old Norse angr, meaning grief and sorrow, and the Latin angere, to strangle(勒死；扼住), referring to the sensation of chest tightening, fists clenching, blood boiling(热血沸腾；怒不可遏).
愤怒似乎把一种身体上的煎熬感与行动的欲望结合在一起。英语单词“anger”的词源可追溯到古诺斯语 angr（意为悲伤与哀痛）和拉丁语 angere（意为勒死、窒息），后者指胸口发紧、拳头攥紧、热血沸腾的感觉。