
Apollo was a bold, innovative project. It tested the boundaries of technology and human achievement, and took people to the moon. However, one thing it failed to challenge was the prevailing(盛行的,普遍的) hierarchy. Nearly everyone involved in Nasa’s space programme in the 1960s(20世纪60年代NASA的太空计划) was male and white. If you weren’t, you needed to be exceptional at what you did.(如果你不属于这个群体,就必须在自己的领域出类拔萃。)
阿波罗计划是一个大胆而富有创新精神的工程。它挑战了技术与人类成就的极限,把人类送上了月球。然而,有一件事它未能撼动,那就是当时盛行的等级秩序。20世纪60年代,参与美国国家航空航天局(NASA)太空计划的几乎所有人都是白人男性。如果你不属于这个群体,就必须在自己的领域里出类拔萃。
Margaret Hamilton, who has died aged 90, was one of those exceptional people. Without her input, sending spacecraft into lunar orbit, and putting Neil Armstrong and his successors on to the surface of the moon, might have been impossible.(没有她的贡献,把航天器送入月球轨道、把阿姆斯特朗及其后继者送上月球表面,或许都不可能实现。)
玛格丽特·汉密尔顿就是这些出类拔萃者中的一员,她已于90岁高龄去世。没有她的贡献,把航天器送入月球轨道、把尼尔·阿姆斯特朗及其后继者送上月球表面,或许都不可能实现。
Hamilton directed the software engineering division at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Instrumentation Laboratory, which had been charged with(受命负责,被赋予职责) developing the computer systems for Apollo. The result of this work was the Apollo Guidance Computer (AGC)(阿波罗导航计算机). This provided the astronauts with a computer-linked keypad, similar in appearance to a calculator and known by the acronym DSKY – short for Display and Keyboard – which they used for navigating and controlling the direction and manoeuvrability of the spacecraft.(它为宇航员提供了一个与计算机相连的键盘,外形类似计算器,缩写为DSKY(显示器与键盘的简称),宇航员用它来导航并控制飞船的方向与机动。)
汉密尔顿负责麻省理工学院(MIT)仪器实验室的软件工程部,该实验室受命为阿波罗计划开发计算机系统。这项工作的成果就是阿波罗导航计算机(AGC)。它为宇航员提供了一个与计算机相连的键盘,外形类似计算器,缩写为DSKY——即“显示器与键盘”的简称——宇航员用它来导航,并控制飞船的方向与机动。