On 10 June 2026, the government of Peru made a decision that it knew would hurt one of the world’s major fishing industries. It stopped all anchoveta fishing boats from going out to sea, suspending(暂停) the fishing season. At first the order was temporary, but in mid-August, the suspension turned into a total closure. This was no easy call(艰难的决定). For one thing, it was a brutal blow to(沉重打击) the Peruvian economy.
2026年6月10日，秘鲁政府做出了一项决定，它知道这会伤害世界主要渔业之一。政府禁止所有鳀鱼渔船出海，暂停捕捞季。起初该命令是临时性的，但到8月中旬，暂停变成了全面禁捕。这并非易事。首先，这是对秘鲁经济的沉重打击。
Peruvian anchovies – the scientific name is Engraulis ringens – are not the salty, punch-packing(冲击味蕾的) little fillets in a puttanesca(普塔内斯卡酱) sauce or caesar salad dressing. That is a different species – Engraulis encrasicolus – which is smaller, tastier and found mostly in the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Only a small part of Peru’s anchoveta catch is eaten in fish form. The rest – more than 90% – is immediately processed as fishmeal(鱼粉) and fish oil, packed in sacks and barrels, and shipped to fish, shellfish and seaweed farms, factory farms(工厂化养殖场) and nutritional supplement producers around the world.
秘鲁鳀鱼——学名 Engraulis ringens——并非那种用在普塔内斯卡酱或凯撒沙拉酱里、咸味十足、冲击味蕾的小鱼柳。那是另一个物种——Engraulis encrasicolus——体型更小、味道更美，主要分布在东大西洋和地中海。秘鲁鳀鱼捕捞量中只有一小部分以鱼的形式被食用。其余超过90%的部分立即被加工成鱼粉和鱼油，装袋装桶，运往世界各地的鱼类、贝类和海藻养殖场、工厂化养殖场以及营养补充剂生产商。
The vast majority of the anchoveta industry is concentrated off the coast of north-central Peru, and it is hard to overstate(怎么强调都不为过) how economically significant this fish is. By weight, Peruvian anchoveta have made up about a 10th of the entire global commercial fishing catch since 1970, more than any other fish. Some years, the anchoveta catch is worth close to $3bn and directly employs almost 50,000 people, close to a quarter of a million if you include indirect jobs.(有些年份，鳀鱼捕捞产值接近30亿美元，直接雇用近5万人，若算上间接就业则接近25万人。) The Peruvian central bank is forecasting a 30.7% contraction(萎缩) for the fishing sector and about 78,000 job losses in 2026, and another 44,000 in 2027.
鳀鱼产业绝大部分集中在秘鲁中北部沿海，这条鱼的经济重要性怎么强调都不为过。按重量计算，自1970年以来，秘鲁鳀鱼约占全球商业捕捞总量的十分之一，超过任何其他鱼类。有些年份，鳀鱼捕捞产值接近30亿美元，直接雇用近5万人，若算上间接就业，则接近25万人。秘鲁中央银行预测，2026年渔业部门将萎缩30.7%，约损失7.8万个工作岗位，2027年还将再损失4.4万个。